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<ul><li>General Purpose Interface Bus</li>

<li>Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Year created</th><td class="infobox-data">1972<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Speed</th><td class="infobox-data">8 Mbyte/s</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Style</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Parallel_communication" title="Parallel communication">Parallel</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/488.1/716/">standards<wbr>.ieee<wbr>.org<wbr>/ieee<wbr>/488<wbr>.1<wbr>/716<wbr>/</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p><b>General Purpose Interface Bus</b> (<b>GPIB</b>) or <b>Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus</b> (<b>HP-IB</b>) is a short-range digital communications <a href="8-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="8-bit">8-bit</a> <a href="Parallel_communication" title="Parallel communication">parallel</a> <a href="Multi-master_bus" title="Multi-master bus">multi-master</a> <a href="Interface_(computing)" title="Interface (computing)">interface bus</a> specification originally developed by <a href="Hewlett-Packard" title="Hewlett-Packard">Hewlett-Packard</a> and standardized in <b>IEEE 488.1-2003</b>. It subsequently became the subject of several standards. Although the bus was originally created to connect together <a href="Automated_test_equipment" class="mw-redirect" title="Automated test equipment">automated test equipment</a>, it also had some success as a <a href="Peripheral_bus" title="Peripheral bus">peripheral bus</a> for early <a href="Microcomputer" title="Microcomputer">microcomputers</a>, notably the <a href="Commodore_PET" title="Commodore PET">Commodore PET</a>. Newer standards have largely replaced IEEE 488 for computer use, but it is still used by test equipment.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>In the 1960s, <a href="Hewlett-Packard" title="Hewlett-Packard">Hewlett-Packard</a> (HP) manufactured various automated test and measurement instruments, such as digital <a href="Multimeter" title="Multimeter">multimeters</a> and <a href="Logic_analyzer" title="Logic analyzer">logic analyzers</a>. They developed the <i>HP Interface Bus (HP-IB)</i> to enable easier interconnection between instruments and controllers (computers and other instruments).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This part of HP was later (c. 1999) spun off as <a href="Agilent_Technologies" title="Agilent Technologies">Agilent Technologies</a>, and in 2014 Agilent's test and measurement division was spun off as <a href="Keysight_Technologies" class="mw-redirect" title="Keysight Technologies">Keysight Technologies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The bus was relatively easy to implement using the technology at the time, using a simple parallel <a href="Bus_(computing)" title="Bus (computing)">bus</a> and several individual control lines. For example, the HP 59501 Power Supply Programmer and HP 59306A Relay Actuator were both relatively simple HP-IB peripherals implemented in <a href="Transistor%E2%80%93transistor_logic" title="Transistor–transistor logic">TTL</a>, without the need for a microprocessor.

</p><p>HP licensed the HP-IB patents for a nominal fee to other manufacturers. It became known as the General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB), and became a <a href="De_facto_standard" title="De facto standard">de facto standard</a> for automated and industrial instrument control. As GPIB became popular, it was formalized by various <a href="Standards_organization" title="Standards organization">standards organizations</a>.

</p><p>In 1975, the <a href="Institute_of_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineers" title="Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers">IEEE</a> standardized the bus as <i>Standard Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation</i>, IEEE 488; it was revised in 1978 (producing IEEE 488-1978).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The standard was revised in 1987, and redesignated as IEEE 488.1 (IEEE 488.1-1987). These standards formalized the mechanical, electrical, and basic protocol parameters of GPIB, but said nothing about the format of commands or data.

</p><p>In 1987, IEEE introduced <i>Standard Codes, Formats, Protocols, and Common Commands</i>, IEEE 488.2. It was revised in 1992.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> IEEE 488.2 provided for basic syntax and format conventions, as well as device-independent commands, data structures, error protocols, and the like. IEEE 488.2 built on IEEE 488.1 without superseding it; equipment can conform to IEEE 488.1 without following IEEE 488.2.

</p><p>While IEEE 488.1 defined the hardware and IEEE 488.2 defined the protocol, there was still no standard for instrument-specific commands. Commands to control the same class of instrument, <i>e.g.</i>, multimeters, varied between manufacturers and even models.

</p><p>The United States Air Force,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and later Hewlett-Packard, recognized this as a problem. In 1989, HP developed their Test Measurement Language (TML)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or Test and Measurement Systems Language (TMSL)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was the forerunner to <a href="Standard_Commands_for_Programmable_Instrumentation" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard Commands for Programmable Instrumentation">Standard Commands for Programmable Instrumentation</a> (SCPI), introduced as an industry standard in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SCPI added standard generic commands, and a series of instrument classes with corresponding class-specific commands. SCPI mandated the IEEE 488.2 syntax, but allowed other (non-IEEE 488.1) physical transports.

</p><p>The <a href="International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a> developed their own standards in parallel with the IEEE, with IEC 60625-1 and IEC 60625-2 (IEC 625), later replaced by <a href="IEC_60884" class="mw-redirect" title="IEC 60884">IEC 60488-2</a>.

</p><p><a href="National_Instruments" title="National Instruments">National Instruments</a> introduced a backward-compatible extension to IEEE 488.1, originally known as HS-488. It increased the maximum data rate to 8 <a href="Megabyte" title="Megabyte">Mbyte</a>/s, although the rate decreases as more devices are connected to the bus. This was incorporated into the standard in 2003 (IEEE 488.1-2003),<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> over HP's objections.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In 2004, the IEEE and IEC combined their respective standards into a "Dual Logo" IEEE/IEC standard IEC 60488-1, <i>Standard for Higher Performance Protocol for the Standard Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation - Part 1: General</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> replaces IEEE 488.1/IEC 60625-1, and IEC 60488-2,<i>Part 2: Codes, Formats, Protocols and Common Commands</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> replaces IEEE 488.2/IEC 60625-2.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2></div>

<p>IEEE 488 is an <a href="8-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="8-bit">8-bit</a>, electrically <a href="Parallel_communication" title="Parallel communication">parallel</a> bus which employs sixteen signal lines — eight used for bi-directional data transfer, three for <a href="Handshake_(computing)" title="Handshake (computing)">handshake</a>, and five for bus management — plus eight ground return lines.

</p><p>The bus supports 31 five-bit primary device addresses numbered from 0 to 30, allocating a unique address to each device on the bus.<sup id="cite_ref-NI-488.2_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NI-488.2-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Agilent_82350B_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Agilent_82350B-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The standard allows up to 15 devices to share a single physical bus of up to 20 metres (66 ft) total cable length. The physical topology can be linear or star (forked).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Active extenders allow longer buses, with up to 31 devices theoretically possible on a logical bus.

</p><p>Control and data transfer functions are logically separated; a controller can address one device as a "talker" and one or more devices as "listeners" without having to participate in the data transfer. It is possible for multiple controllers to share the same bus, but only one can be the "Controller In Charge" at a time.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In the original protocol, transfers use an interlocked, three-wire <i>ready–valid–accepted</i> handshake.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The maximum data rate is about one megabyte per second. The later HS-488 extension relaxes the handshake requirements, allowing up to 8 Mbyte/s. The slowest participating device determines the speed of the bus.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Connectors">Connectors</h2></div>

<table class="infobox infobox-table"><caption class="infobox-title">IEEE 488</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ccccff">Pinout</th></tr><tr><td colspan="4" class="infobox-full-data">

Female IEEE 488 connector</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 1</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

DIO1</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

Data input/output bit</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 2</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

DIO2</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

Data input/output bit</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 3</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

DIO3</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

Data input/output bit</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 4</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

DIO4</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

Data input/output bit</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 5</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

EOI</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

End-or-identify</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 6</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

DAV</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

Data valid</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 7</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

NRFD</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

Not ready for data</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 8</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

NDAC</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

Not data accepted</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 9</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

IFC</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

Interface clear</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 10</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

SRQ</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

Service request</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 11</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

ATN</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

Attention</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 12</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

SHIELD</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 13</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

DIO5</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

Data input/output bit</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 14</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

DIO6</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

Data input/output bit</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 15</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

DIO7</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

Data input/output bit</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 16</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

DIO8</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

Data input/output bit</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 17</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

REN</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

Remote enable</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 18</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

GND</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

(wire twisted with DAV)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 19</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

GND</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

(wire twisted with NRFD)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 20</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

GND</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

(wire twisted with NDAC)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 21</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

GND</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

(wire twisted with IFC)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 22</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

GND</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

(wire twisted with SRQ)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 23</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

GND</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

(wire twisted with ATN)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pin 24</th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

Logic ground</td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<p>IEEE 488 specifies a 24-pin <a href="Amphenol" title="Amphenol">Amphenol</a>-designed <a href="Micro_ribbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Micro ribbon">micro ribbon</a> connector. Micro ribbon connectors have a D-shaped metal shell, but are larger than <a href="D-subminiature" title="D-subminiature">D-subminiature</a> connectors. They are sometimes called "Centronics connectors" after the <a href="IEEE_1284" title="IEEE 1284">36-pin micro ribbon</a> connector <a href="Centronics" title="Centronics">Centronics</a> used for their printers.

</p><p>One unusual feature of IEEE 488 connectors is they commonly use a "double-headed" design, with male on one side, and female on the other. This allows stacking connectors for easy <a href="Daisy_chain_(electrical_engineering)" title="Daisy chain (electrical engineering)">daisy-chaining</a>. Mechanical considerations limit the number of stacked connectors to four or fewer, although a workaround involving physically supporting the connectors may be able to get around this.

</p><p>They are held in place by screws, either 6-32 UNK<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (now largely obsolete) or <a href="ISO_metric_screw_thread" title="ISO metric screw thread">metric</a> M3.5×0.6 <a href="Screw_thread" title="Screw thread">threads</a>. Early versions of the standard suggested that metric screws should be blackened to avoid confusion with the incompatible UTS threads. However, by the 1987 revision this was no longer considered necessary because of the prevalence of metric threads.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The IEC 60625 standard prescribes the use of 25-pin <a href="D-subminiature" title="D-subminiature">D-subminiature</a> connectors (the same as used for the <a href="Parallel_port" title="Parallel port">parallel port</a> on <a href="IBM_PC_compatible" title="IBM PC compatible">IBM PC compatibles</a>). This connector did not gain significant market acceptance against the established 24-pin connector.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Capabilities">Capabilities</h2></div>

<caption>Capabilities<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</caption>

<th>Function

</th>

<th colspan="2">Abbreviation

</th>

<th>Description and examples

</th></tr>

<tr>

<td>Source Handshake

</td>

<td>SH

</td>

<td>1

</td>

<td>Complete

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Acceptor Handshake</td>

<td>AH

</td>

<td>1

</td>

<td>Complete

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td rowspan="3">Basic Talker

</td>

<td rowspan="3">T

</td>

<td>5

</td>

<td>Responds to serial poll; untalks when listen address received; talk only capability

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>6

</td>

<td>Untalks when listen address received; no talk only

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>7

</td>

<td>No serial poll; untalks when listen address received; talk only capability

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Extended Talker

</td>

<td>TE

</td>

<td>0

</td>

<td>No extended talker

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td rowspan="2">Basic Listener

</td>

<td rowspan="2">L

</td>

<td>3

</td>

<td>Listen only mode; unlistens if talk address received

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>4

</td>

<td>Unlistens if talk address received

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Extended Listener

</td>

<td>LE

</td>

<td>0

</td>

<td>No extended listener

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td rowspan="2">Service Request

</td>

<td rowspan="2">SR

</td>

<td>0

</td>

<td>No service request capability

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>1

</td>

<td>Complete

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td rowspan="2">Remote-Local

</td>

<td rowspan="2">RL

</td>

<td>0

</td>

<td>No local lockout

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>1

</td>

<td>Complete

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Parallel Poll

</td>

<td>PP

</td>

<td>0

</td>

<td>Does not respond to Parallel Poll

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Device Clear

</td>

<td>DC

</td>

<td>1

</td>

<td>complete

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td rowspan="2">Device Trigger

</td>

<td rowspan="2">DT

</td>

<td>0

</td>

<td>No device trigger capability

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>1

</td>

<td>Complete

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Controller

</td>

<td>C

</td>

<td>0

</td>

<td>No controller function

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td rowspan="2">E

</td>

<td>1

</td>

<td>Open collector drive electronics

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>2

</td>

<td>Three state drivers

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Use_as_a_computer_interface">Use as a computer interface</h2></div>

<p>HP's designers did not specifically plan for IEEE 488 to be a peripheral interface for general-purpose computers; the focus was on instrumentation. But when HP's early <a href="Microcomputer" title="Microcomputer">microcomputers</a> needed an interface for peripherals (<a href="Disk_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Disk drive">disk drives</a>, <a href="Tape_drive" title="Tape drive">tape drives</a>, <a href="Computer_printer" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer printer">printers</a>, <a href="Plotter" title="Plotter">plotters</a>, etc.), HP-IB was readily available and easily adapted to the purpose.

</p><p>HP computer products which used HP-IB included the <a href="HP_Series_80" title="HP Series 80">HP Series 80</a>, <a href="HP_9800_series" title="HP 9800 series">HP 9800 series</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="HP_2100" title="HP 2100">HP 2100</a> series,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="HP_3000" title="HP 3000">HP 3000</a> series.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> HP computer peripherals which did not utilize the RS-232 communication interface often used HP-IB including disc systems like the <a href="HP_7935" title="HP 7935">HP 7935</a>. Some of HP's advanced pocket calculators of the 1980s, such as the <a href="HP-41" class="mw-redirect" title="HP-41">HP-41</a> and <a href="HP-71B" title="HP-71B">HP-71B</a> series, also had IEEE 488 capabilities, via an optional <a href="HP-IL" title="HP-IL">HP-IL</a>/HP-IB interface module.

</p><p>Other manufacturers adopted GPIB for their computers as well, such as with the <a href="Tektronix_405x" class="mw-redirect" title="Tektronix 405x">Tektronix 405x</a> line.

</p><p>The <a href="Commodore_PET" title="Commodore PET">Commodore PET</a> (introduced 1977) range of personal computers connected their peripherals using the IEEE 488 bus, but with a non-standard card edge connector. Commodore's following 8-bit machines utilized a <a href="Commodore_bus" title="Commodore bus">serial bus</a> whose protocol was based on IEEE 488.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Commodore marketed an IEEE 488 cartridge for the VIC-20<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Commodore 64.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several third party suppliers of <a href="Commodore_64_peripherals" title="Commodore 64 peripherals">Commodore 64 peripherals</a> made a cartridge for the C64 that provided an IEEE 488-derived interface on a card edge connector similar to that of the PET series.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Eventually, faster, more complete standards such as <a href="SCSI" title="SCSI">SCSI</a> superseded IEEE 488 for peripheral access.

</p>

<div class="gallerytext">Rear of <a href="Commodore_PET" title="Commodore PET">Commodore 8032-SK</a> showing IEEE 488 port</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">Rear of <a href="Commodore_International" title="Commodore International">Commodore</a> SFD 1001 <a href="Floppy_disk_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Floppy disk drive">floppy disk drive</a> with IEEE 488 port</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">C64 interface</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><a href="Acorn_Computers" title="Acorn Computers">Acorn</a> IEEE 488 Interface</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><a href="USB" title="USB">USB</a> GPIB <a href="Protocol_converter" title="Protocol converter">Protocol converter</a></div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">Rear of <a href="Tektronix" title="Tektronix">Tektronix</a> TDS 210 digital <a href="Oscilloscope" title="Oscilloscope">oscilloscope</a> with IEEE 488 port</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">Rear of <a href="Keysight" title="Keysight">Keysight</a> 34970A <a href="Data_acquisition" title="Data acquisition">data acquisition</a> chassis / <a href="Multimeter" title="Multimeter">multimeter</a> with IEEE 488 port</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">Rear of <a href="Keithley_Instruments" title="Keithley Instruments">Keithley</a> DMM7510 <a href="Multimeter" title="Multimeter">multimeter</a> with IEEE 488 port</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><a href="Hewlett-Packard" title="Hewlett-Packard">HP</a> 7580B <a href="Plotter" title="Plotter">plotter</a> with IEEE 488 port</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"> HP <a href="ThinkJet" class="mw-redirect" title="ThinkJet">ThinkJet</a> 2225A with IEEE 488 port</div>

</li>

</ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comparison_with_other_interface_standards">Comparison with other interface standards</h2></div>

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<p>Electrically, IEEE 488 used a hardware interface that could be implemented with some discrete logic or with a microcontroller. The hardware interface enabled devices made by different manufacturers to communicate with a single host. Since each device generated the asynchronous handshaking signals required by the bus protocol, slow and fast devices could be mixed on one bus. The data transfer is relatively slow, so <a href="Transmission_line" title="Transmission line">transmission line</a> issues such as impedance matching and line termination are ignored. There was no requirement for <a href="Galvanic_isolation" title="Galvanic isolation">galvanic isolation</a> between the bus and devices, which created the possibility of <a href="Ground_loop_(electricity)" title="Ground loop (electricity)">ground loops</a> causing extra noise and loss of data.

</p><p>Physically, the IEEE 488 connectors and cabling were rugged and held in place by screws. While physically large and sturdy connectors were an advantage in industrial or laboratory set ups, the size and cost of the connectors was a liability in applications such as personal computers.

</p><p>Although the electrical and physical interfaces were well defined, there was not an initial standard command set. Devices from different manufacturers might use different commands for the same function.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some aspects of the command protocol standards were not standardized until <a href="Standard_Commands_for_Programmable_Instruments" title="Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments">Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments</a> (SCPI) in 1990. Implementation options (e.g. end of transmission handling) can complicate interoperability in pre-IEEE 488.2 devices.

</p><p>More recent standards such as <a href="USB" title="USB">USB</a>, <a href="FireWire" class="mw-redirect" title="FireWire">FireWire</a>, and <a href="Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a> take advantage of declining costs of interface electronics to implement more complex standards providing higher bandwidth. The multi-conductor (parallel data) connectors and shielded cable were inherently more costly than the connectors and cabling that could be used with serial data transfer standards such as <a href="RS-232" title="RS-232">RS-232</a>, <a href="RS-485" title="RS-485">RS-485</a>, USB, FireWire or Ethernet. Very few mass-market personal computers or peripherals (such as printers or scanners) implemented IEEE 488.

</p>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:IEEE_488" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:IEEE 488">IEEE 488</a></span>.</div></div>

</div>

<ul><li><a href="Commodore_bus" title="Commodore bus">Commodore bus</a> – Serial bus of the home computers series of Commodore</li>

<li><a href="HP_Series_80" title="HP Series 80">HP Series 80</a> – 1980 Hewlett-Packard small scientific desktop computer</li>

<li><a href="LAN_eXtensions_for_Instrumentation" title="LAN eXtensions for Instrumentation">LAN eXtensions for Instrumentation</a> – Standard for controlling instrumentation and data acquisition instrumentation over Ethernet</li>

<li><a href="PCI_eXtensions_for_Instrumentation" title="PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation">PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation</a></li>

<li><a href="Rocky_Mountain_BASIC" title="Rocky Mountain BASIC">Rocky Mountain BASIC</a> – Dialect of the BASIC programming language</li>

<li><a href="Standard_Commands_for_Programmable_Instruments" title="Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments">Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments</a> – Communications protocol for test equipment</li>

<li><a href="Virtual_Instrument_Software_Architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual Instrument Software Architecture">Virtual Instrument Software Architecture</a> – Test and measurement API<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hp9845.net/9845/tutorials/hpib/">"The Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB)"</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFNelsonRicci1972" class="citation journal cs1">Nelson, Gerald E.; Ricci, David W. (October 1972). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hparchive.com/Journals/HPJ-1972-10.pdf">"A Practical Interface System for Electronic Instruments"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Hewlett-Packard Journal</i>. <b>24</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">2–</span>7. <q>Controllers: 3260A Marked Card Reader; <a href="HP_9800_series#Second_generation" title="HP 9800 series">9820A</a> Calculator (with 11144A Interface Kit)</q></cite><br><cite id="CITEREFLoughry1972" class="citation journal cs1">Loughry, Donald C. (October 1972). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hparchive.com/Journals/HPJ-1972-10.pdf">"A Common Digital Interface for Programmable Instruments: The Evolution of a System"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Hewlett-Packard Journal</i>. <b>24</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">8–</span>11.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191208020546/https://www.agilent.com/about/newsroom/presrel/2014/07jan-gp14001.html">"Agilent Technologies Reveals Name of Electronic Measurement Spin-Off Company"</a>. Agilent. 7 January 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.agilent.com/about/newsroom/presrel/2014/07jan-gp14001.html">the original</a> on 8 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1601046/000104746914001833/a2218670zex-99_1.htm">"Exhibit 99.1"</a>. <i>www.sec.gov</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>IEEE Standard Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation</i>, <a href="Institute_of_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineers" title="Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers">Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</a>, 1978, <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FIEEESTD.1978.7425098">10.1109/IEEESTD.1978.7425098</a>, <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-5044-0366-5</bdi>, ANSI/IEEE Std 488-1978</cite><br><cite class="citation cs2"><i>IEEE Standard Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation</i>, <a href="Institute_of_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineers" title="Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers">Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</a>, 1987, <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-471-62222-2</bdi>, ANSI/IEEE Std 488.1-1987</cite>, p. iii</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>IEEE Standard Codes, Formats, Protocols, and Common Commands for Use With IEEE Std 488.1-1987, IEEE Standard Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation</i>, <a href="Institute_of_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineers" title="Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers">Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</a>, 1992, <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-55937-238-1</bdi>, IEEE Std 488.2-1992</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Project Mate in 1985</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icselect.com/ab_note.html#anchor338658">"GPIB 101, A Tutorial of the GPIB Bus"</a>. ICS Electronics. p. 5, paragraph = SCPI Commands.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hparchive.com/Catalogs/HP-Catalog-1991.pdf">"Hewlett Packard Test & Measurement Catalog 1991"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. hparchive.com. p. 8, paragraph = SCPI.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/3419">"History of GPIB"</a>. National Instruments<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-02-06</span></span>. <q>In 1990, the IEEE 488.2 specification included the Standard Commands for Programmable Instrumentation (SCPI) document.</q></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031207052849/http://standards.ieee.org/announcements/pr_4881upgrade.html">"Upgraded Standard Boosts Speed of IEEE 488 Instrument Buses Eightfold"</a>. IEEE. 2003-10-06. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://standards.ieee.org/announcements/pr_4881upgrade.html">the original</a> on December 7, 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-02-06</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610164221/http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/imstc8/488/1/hppress12-97.html">"HP and Other Test and Measurement Companies Urge IEEE to Oppose Revisions of Established IEEE 488 Standard"</a> (Press release). Hewlett-Packard Company. December 1997. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/imstc8/488/1/hppress12-97.html">the original</a> on 2011-06-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-02-16</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100428090906/http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/imstc8/488/1/">"P488.1 Project Home"</a>. IEEE. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/imstc8/488/1/">the original</a> on 2010-04-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-02-16</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>IEC/IEEE Standard for Higher Performance Protocol for the Standard Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation - Part 1: General (Adoption of IEEE Std 488.1-2003)</i>. IEEE. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FIEEESTD.2004.95749">10.1109/IEEESTD.2004.95749</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-7381-4536-5</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Standard Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation- Part 2: Codes, Formats, Protocols and Common Commands (Adoption of (IEEE Std 488.2-1992)</i>. IEEE. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FIEEESTD.2004.95390">10.1109/IEEESTD.2004.95390</a>. <a href="Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/11059%2F14380">11059/14380</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-7381-4100-8</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120417191411/http://www.iec.ch/cgi-bin/procgi.pl/www/iecwww.p?header=IEC&search=replaced&wwwprog=sea22.p">"Replaced or Withdrawn Publications"</a>. IEC. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iec.ch/cgi-bin/procgi.pl/www/iecwww.p?header=IEC&search=replaced&wwwprog=sea22.p">the original</a> on 2012-04-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-02-06</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-NI-488.2-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NI-488.2_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ni.com/pdf/manuals/370428c.pdf">"GPIB Addressing"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>NI-488.2 User Manual</i>. National Instruments Corporation. February 2005. p. A-2. NI P/N 370428C-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-02-16</span></span>. <q>The primary address is a number in the range 0 to 30.</q></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Agilent_82350B-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Agilent_82350B_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/82350-90004.pdf">"Table 1-1: 82350 GPIB interface card configuration parameters"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Agilent 82350B PCI GPIB Interface: Installation and Configuration Guide</i>. Agilent Technologies. 2009-07-20. p. 26. Agilent P/N 82350-90004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-02-16</span></span>. <q>any address in the range 0 - 30, inclusive, may be used</q></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/2761">"GPIB Instrument Control Tutorial"</a>. National Instruments. 2009-08-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-02-16</span></span>. <q>connected in either a daisy-chain or star topology</q></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081202204121/http://www.ni.com/pdf/manuals/370428c.pdf"><i>NI-488.2 User Manual</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. National Instruments Corporation. February 2005. p. A-1. NI P/N 370428C-01. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ni.com/pdf/manuals/370428c.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2008-12-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-02-16</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ni.com/pdf/manuals/370428c.pdf">"Handshake Lines"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>NI-488.2 User Manual</i>. National Instruments Corporation. February 2005. p. A-3. NI P/N 370428C-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-02-16</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/4552">"Using HS488 to Improve GPIB System Performance"</a>. National Instruments Corporation. 30 March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-02-16</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bitsavers.org/pdf/hp/hpib/TutorialDescrOfHPIB.pdf">"Mechanical Aspects"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Tutorial Description of the Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus</i>. Hewlett-Packard. p. 28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-06-13</span></span>. <q>Some existing cables use English threads (6-32UNK).</q></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>IEEE Standard Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation</i>, <a href="Institute_of_Electrical_and_Electronics_Engineers" title="Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers">Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</a>, 1987, p. v, <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-471-62222-2</bdi>, ANSI/IEEE Std 488.1-1987, <q>The "helpful note" on metric threads found in previous editions has been deleted since metric thread use is common IEEE 488 practice. Consequently, the recommendation to coat such parts in black material to call attention to metric threads is also considered unnecessary.</q></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTilden1983" class="citation cs2">Tilden, Mark D. (1983), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/www.bitsavers.org/pdf/tektronix/404x/070-4696-00_4041_GPIB_Programming_Guide_Sep1983.pdf">"Appendix A: Subsets Describe Interface Functions"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>4041 GPIB Programming Guide</i>, Tektronix, Inc., pp. <span class="nowrap">113–</span>115</cite> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{citation}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite uses generic title (help)</span></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hpmuseum.net/display_item.php?hw=463">"HP 98135A HP-IB Interface 9815"</a>. <i>HP Computer Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-02-06</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hpmuseum.net/display_item.php?hw=522">"59310A HP-IB Interface"</a>. <i>HP Computer Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-02-06</span></span>. <q>HP-IB interface for HP1000 and HP2000 computers</q></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hpmuseum.net/display_item.php?hw=786">"27113A HP-IB Interface"</a>. <i>HP Computer Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-02-06</span></span>. <q>CIO HP-IB interface for 3000 Series 900</q></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBagnall2006" class="citation book cs1">Bagnall, Brian (2006). <i>On the Edge: The Spectacular Rise and Fall of Commodore</i>. Variant Press. p. 221. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-9738649-0-7</bdi>. <a href="OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/761384138">761384138</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Commodore drawing for VIC-1112 - Drawing no. 1110010 Rev:A</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zimmers.net/anonftp/pub/cbm/schematics/cartridges/c64/ieee-488/index.html">Reverse-engineered schematics for Commodore C64 IEEE interface</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.zimmers.net/anonftp/pub/cbm/schematics/cartridges/c64/ieee-488/index.html">http://www.zimmers.net/anonftp/pub/cbm/schematics/cartridges/c64/ieee-488/index.html</a> Link to schematic for one such converter.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Early devices might respond to an <code>ID</code> command with an identification string; later standards had devices respond to the <code>*ID</code> command.</span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<dl><dt>Part 1 Specifications</dt></dl>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1405845">IEEE/IEC 60488-1-2004</a>, 158 page PDF file, costs <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://store.accuristech.com/standards/ieee-iec-60488-1-2004?product_id=1779369">USD$407</a> in 2025</li></ul>

<dl><dt>Part 2 Specifications</dt></dl>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8705775">IEEE 488.2-1992</a>, 254 page PDF file, costs <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techstreet.com/ieee/standards/ieee-488-2-1992?product_id=1888634">USD$54</a> in 2025 <i>(superseded by IEEE/IEC 60488-2-2004)</i></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1352831">IEEE/IEC 60488-2-2004</a>, 264 page PDF file, costs <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.techstreet.com/ieee/standards/ieee-iec-60488-2-2004?product_id=1779348">USD$388</a> in 2025</li></ul>

<dl><dt>Other</dt></dl>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.electronics-notes.com/articles/test-methods/gpib-ieee-488-bus/what-is-gpib-ieee488.php">GPIB / IEEE 488 multiple page tutorial</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Technical_and_de_facto_standards_for_wired_computer_buses462" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Technical_standard" title="Technical standard">Technical</a> and <a href="De_facto_standard" title="De facto standard"><i>de facto</i> standards</a> for <a href="Wired_communication" title="Wired communication">wired</a> <a href="Bus_(computing)" title="Bus (computing)">computer buses</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="System_bus" title="System bus">System bus</a></li>

<li><a href="Front-side_bus" title="Front-side bus">Front-side bus</a></li>

<li><a href="Daisy_chain_(electrical_engineering)" title="Daisy chain (electrical engineering)">Daisy chain</a></li>

<li><a href="Control_bus" title="Control bus">Control bus</a></li>

<li><a href="Address_bus" class="mw-redirect" title="Address bus">Address bus</a></li>

<li><a href="Bus_contention" title="Bus contention">Bus contention</a></li>

<li><a href="Bus_mastering" title="Bus mastering">Bus mastering</a></li>

<li><a href="Network_on_a_chip" title="Network on a chip">Network on a chip</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_interface_bit_rates#Computer_buses" title="List of interface bit rates">List of bus bandwidths</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Multibus" title="Multibus">Multibus</a></li>

<li><a href="Unibus" title="Unibus">Unibus</a></li>

<li><a href="VAXBI_bus" class="mw-redirect" title="VAXBI bus">VAXBI</a></li>

<li><a href="System_Management_Bus" title="System Management Bus">SMBus</a></li>

<li><a href="Europe_Card_Bus" title="Europe Card Bus">Europe Card Bus</a></li>

<li><a href="STEbus" title="STEbus">STEbus</a></li>

<li><a href="Zorro_II" title="Zorro II">Zorro II</a></li>

<li><a href="Zorro_III" title="Zorro III">Zorro III</a></li>

<li><a href="Computer_Automated_Measurement_and_Control" title="Computer Automated Measurement and Control">CAMAC</a></li>

<li><a href="FASTBUS" title="FASTBUS">FASTBUS</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_Precision_Bus" title="HP Precision Bus">HP Precision Bus</a></li>

<li><a href="NuBus" title="NuBus">NuBus</a></li>

<li><a href="TURBOchannel" title="TURBOchannel">TURBOchannel</a></li>

<li><a href="InfiniBand" title="InfiniBand">InfiniBand</a></li>

<li><a href="Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a></li>

<li><a href="PCI-X" title="PCI-X">PCI Extended (PCI-X)</a></li>

<li><a href="PCI_Express" title="PCI Express">PCI Express (PCIe)</a></li>

<li><a href="Compute_Express_Link" title="Compute Express Link">Compute Express Link (CXL)</a></li>

<li><a href="Direct_Media_Interface" title="Direct Media Interface">Direct Media Interface (DMI)</a></li>

<li><a href="RapidIO" title="RapidIO">RapidIO</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_QuickPath_Interconnect" title="Intel QuickPath Interconnect">Intel QuickPath Interconnect</a></li>

<li><a href="NVLink" title="NVLink">NVLink</a></li>

<li><a href="HyperTransport" title="HyperTransport">HyperTransport</a>

<ul><li><a href="Infinity_Fabric" class="mw-redirect" title="Infinity Fabric">Infinity Fabric</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Intel_Ultra_Path_Interconnect" title="Intel Ultra Path Interconnect">Intel Ultra Path Interconnect</a></li>

<li><a href="Coherent_Accelerator_Processor_Interface" title="Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface">Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface (CAPI)</a></li>

<li><a href="SpaceWire" title="SpaceWire">SpaceWire</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Storage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Floppy_disk_drive_interface" title="Floppy disk drive interface">Floppy connector</a></li>

<li><a href="Parallel_ATA" title="Parallel ATA">Parallel ATA (PATA)</a></li>

<li><a href="HIPPI" title="HIPPI">HIPPI</a></li>

<li><a href="SATA" title="SATA">Serial ATA (SATA)</a></li>

<ul><li><a href="Parallel_SCSI" title="Parallel SCSI">Parallel</a></li>

<li><a href="ESCON" title="ESCON">ESCON</a></li>

<li><a href="Fibre_Channel" title="Fibre Channel">Fibre Channel</a></li>

<li><a href="SATA_Express" title="SATA Express">SATAe</a></li>

<li>PCI Express (via <a href="Advanced_Host_Controller_Interface" title="Advanced Host Controller Interface">AHCI</a> or <a href="NVM_Express" title="NVM Express">NVMe</a> logical device interface)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Peripheral</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Apple_Desktop_Bus" title="Apple Desktop Bus">Apple Desktop Bus</a></li>

<li><a href="Atari_SIO" title="Atari SIO">Atari SIO</a></li>

<li><a href="Commodore_bus" title="Commodore bus">Commodore bus</a></li>

<li><a href="Lightning_(connector)" title="Lightning (connector)">Lightning</a></li>

<li><a href="IEEE_1284" title="IEEE 1284">IEEE-1284 (parallel port)</a></li>

<li><a href="IEEE_1394" title="IEEE 1394">IEEE-1394 (FireWire)</a></li>

<li><a href="I%C2%B2C" title="I²C">I²C</a> (<a href="ACCESS.bus" title="ACCESS.bus">ACCESS.bus</a>, <a href="Power_Management_Bus" title="Power Management Bus">PMBus</a>, <a href="System_Management_Bus" title="System Management Bus">SMBus</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Parallel_SCSI" title="Parallel SCSI">Parallel SCSI</a></li>

<li><a href="Profibus" title="Profibus">Profibus</a></li>

<li><a href="Camera_Link" title="Camera Link">Camera Link</a></li>

<li><a href="PCI_Express#PCI_Express_External_Cabling" title="PCI Express">External PCIe</a></li>

<li><a href="Thunderbolt_(interface)" title="Thunderbolt (interface)">Thunderbolt</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Audio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="ADAT_Lightpipe" title="ADAT Lightpipe">ADAT Lightpipe</a></li>

<li><a href="Intel_High_Definition_Audio" title="Intel High Definition Audio">Intel HD Audio</a></li>

<li><a href="McASP" title="McASP">McASP</a></li>

<li><a href="TOSLINK" title="TOSLINK">TOSLINK</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portable</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="ExpressCard" title="ExpressCard">ExpressCard</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Embedded</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Multidrop_bus" title="Multidrop bus">Multidrop bus</a></li>

<li><a href="CoreConnect" title="CoreConnect">CoreConnect</a></li>

<li><a href="Wishbone_(computer_bus)" title="Wishbone (computer bus)">Wishbone</a></li>

<li><a href="SLIMbus" title="SLIMbus">SLIMbus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Interfaces are listed by their speed in the (roughly) ascending order, so the interface at the end of each section should be the fastest.<br><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hewlett-Packard1228" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Hewlett-Packard1228" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Hewlett-Packard" title="Hewlett-Packard">Hewlett-Packard</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>

<ul><li>Split into <a href="HP_Inc." title="HP Inc.">HP Inc.</a> and <a href="Hewlett_Packard_Enterprise" title="Hewlett Packard Enterprise">Hewlett Packard Enterprise</a> in 2015</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_Hewlett-Packard_products" title="List of Hewlett-Packard products">Products</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Personal computers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_HP_business_desktops" title="List of HP business desktops">Desktops</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="HP_Blackbird_002" title="HP Blackbird 002">Blackbird 002</a></li>

<li><a href="Compaq" title="Compaq">Compaq series</a>

<li><a href="HP_Compaq" class="mw-redirect" title="HP Compaq">HP Compaq</a></li>

<li><a href="Compaq_Presario" title="Compaq Presario">Presario</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="List_of_HP_business_desktops" title="List of HP business desktops">EliteDesk</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_Pavilion" title="HP Pavilion">Pavilion</a>*</li>

<li><a href="List_of_HP_business_desktops" title="List of HP business desktops">ProDesk</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_Spectre" title="HP Spectre">Spectre</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_Sprout" title="HP Sprout">Sprout</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_Stream" class="mw-redirect" title="HP Stream">Stream</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_TouchSmart" title="HP TouchSmart">TouchSmart</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_Vectra" title="HP Vectra">Vectra</a></li>

<li><a href="VoodooPC" title="VoodooPC">VoodooPC</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Laptops</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Compaq" title="Compaq">Compaq series</a>

<li><a href="HP_Compaq" class="mw-redirect" title="HP Compaq">HP Compaq</a></li>

<li><a href="Compaq_Presario" title="Compaq Presario">Presario</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="HP_EliteBook" title="HP EliteBook">EliteBook</a>*</li>

<li><a href="HP_Essential" title="HP Essential">Essential</a>*</li>

<li><a href="HP_ProBook" title="HP ProBook">ProBook</a>*</li>

<li><a href="HP_OmniBook" title="HP OmniBook">OmniBook</a>*</li>

<li><a href="HP_Pavilion" title="HP Pavilion">Pavilion</a>*

<li><a href="Voodoo_Envy" title="Voodoo Envy">Voodoo Envy</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_ZBook" title="HP ZBook">ZBook</a>*</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Workstations and servers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="AlphaServer" title="AlphaServer">AlphaServer</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_Integral_PC" title="HP Integral PC">Integral PC</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_Flexible_Data_Center" title="HP Flexible Data Center">Flexible Data Center</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_Kayak" title="HP Kayak">Kayak</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_Media_Vault" title="HP Media Vault">Media Vault</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_MediaSmart_Server" title="HP MediaSmart Server">MediaSmart Server</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_NetServer" title="HP NetServer">NetServer</a></li>

<li><a href="NonStop_(server_computers)" title="NonStop (server computers)">NonStop</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_Performance_Optimized_Datacenter" title="HP Performance Optimized Datacenter">Performance Optimized Datacenter</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_X-Terminals" title="HP X-Terminals">X-Terminals</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mobile devices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Compaq" title="Compaq">Compaq series</a>

<li><a href="HP_calculators" title="HP calculators">Calculators</a>*</li>

<li><a href="HP_Jornada" title="HP Jornada">Jornada</a>

<li><a href="HP_Slate" title="HP Slate">Slate</a>

<li><a href="HP_Slate_500" title="HP Slate 500">Slate 500</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="HP_TouchPad" title="HP TouchPad">TouchPad</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Printing and imaging</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="HP_7470" title="HP 7470">7470 Graphics Plotter</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_DeskJet" title="HP DeskJet">DeskJet</a>*</li>

<li><a href="HP_Indigo_Division" title="HP Indigo Division">Indigo</a>*</li>

<li><a href="JetDirect" title="JetDirect">JetDirect</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_LaserJet" title="HP LaserJet">LaserJet</a>*

<li><a href="LightScribe" title="LightScribe">LightScribe</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_Photosmart" title="HP Photosmart">Photosmart</a>

<li><a href="HP_ScanJet" title="HP ScanJet">ScanJet</a>*</li>

<li><a href="Scitex_Vision" title="Scitex Vision">Scitex</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_TopShot" title="HP TopShot">TopShot</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Microprocessors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Capricorn_(microprocessor)" title="Capricorn (microprocessor)">Capricorn</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_FOCUS" title="HP FOCUS">FOCUS</a></li>

<li><a href="Itanium" title="Itanium">Itanium</a></li>

<li><a href="Hewlett-Packard_Nanoprocessor" title="Hewlett-Packard Nanoprocessor">Nanoprocessor</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_Saturn" title="HP Saturn">Saturn</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Computer buses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="HP_Precision_Bus" title="HP Precision Bus">Precision</a></li>

<li><a href="Runway_bus" title="Runway bus">Runway</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other hardware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="HP_200A" title="HP 200A">200A Audio Oscillator</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_7935" title="HP 7935">7935 Disc Drive</a></li>

<li><a href="Guardian_Service_Processor" title="Guardian Service Processor">Guardian Service Processor</a></li>

<li><a href="HPE_Integrated_Lights-Out" title="HPE Integrated Lights-Out">Integrated Lights-Out</a>**</li>

<li><a href="HP_Kittyhawk" title="HP Kittyhawk">Kittyhawk</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_Memory_Spot_chip" title="HP Memory Spot chip">Memory Spot</a></li>

<li><a href="NPartition" title="NPartition">nPartition</a>**</li>

<li><a href="ProCurve" title="ProCurve">ProCurve</a></li>

<li><a href="Visualize_EG" title="Visualize EG">Visualize EG</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_xb3000" title="HP xb3000">xb3000 Notebook Expansion Base</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="HP_ConvergedSystem" title="HP ConvergedSystem">ConvergedSystem</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_Cloud" title="HP Cloud">Cloud</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_CloudSystem" title="HP CloudSystem">CloudSystem</a>**</li>

<li><a href="HPE_Helion" title="HPE Helion">Helion</a>**</li>

<li><a href="MagCloud" title="MagCloud">MagCloud</a>†</li>

<li><a href="Speechbot" title="Speechbot">Speechbot</a></li>

<li><a href="HP_Utility_Data_Center" title="HP Utility Data Center">Utility Data Center</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_Hewlett-Packard_executive_leadership" title="List of Hewlett-Packard executive leadership">CEOs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Bill_Hewlett" title="Bill Hewlett">Bill Hewlett</a> and <a href="David_Packard" title="David Packard">David Packard</a> (co-founders)</li>

<li><a href="John_A._Young" title="John A. Young">John A. Young</a></li>

<li><a href="Lewis_E._Platt" title="Lewis E. Platt">Lewis E. Platt</a></li>

<li><a href="Carly_Fiorina" title="Carly Fiorina">Carly Fiorina</a></li>

<li><a href="L%C3%A9o_Apotheker" title="Léo Apotheker">Léo Apotheker</a></li>

<li><a href="Meg_Whitman" title="Meg Whitman">Meg Whitman</a> (final CEO)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_assets_owned_by_HP" title="List of assets owned by HP">Assets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Ericsson_Hewlett_Packard_Telecom" title="Ericsson Hewlett Packard Telecom">Ericsson Hewlett Packard Telecom</a>†</li>

<li><a href="HP_Garage" title="HP Garage">HP Garage</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_acquisitions_by_Hewlett-Packard" title="List of acquisitions by Hewlett-Packard">Acquisitions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Apollo_Computer" title="Apollo Computer">Apollo Computer</a></li>

<li><a href="ArcSight" title="ArcSight">ArcSight</a>†</li>

<li><a href="Aruba_Networks" title="Aruba Networks">Aruba Networks</a>**</li>

<li><a href="Autonomy_Corporation" title="Autonomy Corporation">Autonomy</a>†</li>

<li><a href="Bristol_Technology" title="Bristol Technology">Bristol Technology</a></li>

<li><a href="Compaq" title="Compaq">Compaq</a></li>

<li><a href="Convex_Computer" title="Convex Computer">Convex Computer</a></li>

<li><a href="Colorado_Memory_Systems" title="Colorado Memory Systems">Colorado Memory Systems</a></li>

<li><a href="PathWave_Design" title="PathWave Design">EEsof</a>†</li>

<li><a href="Electronic_Data_Systems" title="Electronic Data Systems">Electronic Data Systems</a>†</li>

<li><a href="Exstream_Software" title="Exstream Software">Exstream Software</a>†</li>

<li><a href="Fortify_Software" title="Fortify Software">Fortify Software</a>†</li>

<li><a href="HP_Indigo_Division" title="HP Indigo Division">Indigo N.V.</a></li>

<li><a href="Knightsbridge_Solutions" title="Knightsbridge Solutions">Knightsbridge Solutions</a></li>

<li><a href="Neoware" title="Neoware">Neoware</a></li>

<li><a href="Opsware" title="Opsware">Opsware</a>†</li>

<li><a href="Mercury_Interactive" title="Mercury Interactive">Mercury Interactive</a>†</li>

<li><a href="Peregrine_Systems" title="Peregrine Systems">Peregrine Systems</a>†</li>

<li><a href="RLX_Technologies" title="RLX Technologies">RLX Technologies</a></li>

<li><a href="Scitex_Vision" title="Scitex Vision">Scitex Vision</a></li>

<li><a href="Snapfish" title="Snapfish">Snapfish</a></li>

<li><a href="Stratavia" title="Stratavia">Stratavia</a></li>

<li><a href="Teradici" title="Teradici">Teradici</a></li>

<li><a href="TOWER_Software" title="TOWER Software">TOWER Software</a></li>

<li><a href="Verifone" title="Verifone">Verifone</a>†</li>

<li><a href="Vertica" title="Vertica">Vertica</a>†</li>

<li><a href="VoodooPC" title="VoodooPC">VoodooPC</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spin-offs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Agilent_Technologies" title="Agilent Technologies">Agilent Technologies</a></li>

<li><a href="DXC_Technology" title="DXC Technology">DXC Technology</a></li>

<li><a href="Hewlett_Packard_Enterprise" title="Hewlett Packard Enterprise">Hewlett Packard Enterprise</a></li>

<li><a href="Keysight" title="Keysight">Keysight Technologies</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="HP_Color_Recovery" title="HP Color Recovery">Color Recovery</a></li>

<li><a href="Encompass" title="Encompass">Encompass</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Hewlett-Packard_Journal" title="Hewlett-Packard Journal">Hewlett-Packard Journal</a></i></li>

<li><a href="HP-Interex" title="HP-Interex">HP-Interex</a></li>

<li><a href="Rules_of_the_garage" title="Rules of the garage">Rules of the garage</a></li>

<li><a href="Hewlett-Packard_spying_scandal" title="Hewlett-Packard spying scandal">Spying scandal</a></li>

<li><a href="Mission%3A_Space" title="Mission: Space">Mission: SPACE</a></li>

<li><a href="PC_LOAD_LETTER" title="PC LOAD LETTER">PC LOAD LETTER</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>

<ul><li>Asterisk (*) denotes product lines continued by <a href="HP_Inc." title="HP Inc.">HP Inc.</a></li>

<li>Double asterisk (**) denotes product lines and companies now property of <a href="Hewlett_Packard_Enterprise" title="Hewlett Packard Enterprise">Hewlett Packard Enterprise</a></li>

<li>Dagger (†) denotes assets or companies divested and sold off</li></ul>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"></span></span> Hewlett Packard Enterprise</li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"></span></span> Compaq</li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"></span></span> HP calculators</li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"></span></span> HP software</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="IEEE_standards209" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="IEEE_standards209" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="IEEE_Standards_Association" title="IEEE Standards Association">IEEE standards</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="IEEE_754-2008_revision" title="IEEE 754-2008 revision">Revision</a></li></ul></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="IEEE_802" title="IEEE 802">802 series</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="IEEE_802" title="IEEE 802">802</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="WiMAX" title="WiMAX">WiMAX · d · e</a></li></ul></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="IEEE_802.1" title="IEEE 802.1">802.1</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="IEEE_802.3" title="IEEE 802.3">802.3</a> <br>(<a href="Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="IEEE_802.11" title="IEEE 802.11">802.11</a> <br>(<a href="Wi-Fi" title="Wi-Fi">Wi-Fi</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="IEEE_802.11_(legacy_mode)" title="IEEE 802.11 (legacy mode)">legacy mode</a></li>

<li><a href="IEEE_802.11ad" title="IEEE 802.11ad">ad</a> (<a href="WiGig" title="WiGig">WiGig</a>)</li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="IEEE_802.15" title="IEEE 802.15">802.15</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="IEEE_802.15.1" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 802.15.1">.1</a> (<a href="Bluetooth" title="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</a>)</li>

<li><a href="IEEE_802.15.4" title="IEEE 802.15.4">.4</a> (<a href="Zigbee" title="Zigbee">Zigbee</a>)</li>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Superseded</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</li></ul>

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<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox581" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Authority control databases: National </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4438949-8">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh89004775">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007529900905171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

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